Un cavretico (republished)

Today at sunset we are going to celebrate Pessach and on this occasion I’m republishing a folk song that I sang and continue to sing today during the Sheder, the name for the jewish easter table. It’s “Un cavretico”, (ie “a small lamb”). Take a look at the photos with the lyrics and the melody since to my knowledge this doesn’t exist anywhere on the web. :)

Hag Shameach και Καλό Πέσσαχ σε όλους μας!

ps. My compliments to the Jewish Community of Athens for producing a new Haggada this year in greek, ladino and hebrew (in greek and hebrew characters). Much more appealing than the old one and a beautiful job overall.

Ανεπιθύμητοι Συμπατριώτες / Unwanted Compatriots

Ανεπιθύμητοι Συμπατριώτες (220 pages - 2005)

Υπάρχουν μερικά σημεία στη σύγχρονη ιστορία της Ελλάδας που γεννούν σκληρά ερωτήματα. Με το 70% του προπολεμικού εβραϊκού της πληθυσμού να έχει εξοντωθεί στα στρατόπεδα του ναζισμού, η χώρα βρίσκεται σε μια από τις πρώτες θέσεις στη θλιβερή σύγκριση, ξεπερνώντας ακόμα και το ίδιο το Ράιχ. Φταίνε μόνο οι ξένοι κατακτητές γι’ αυτή την επίδοση;
Την ίδια εποχή, στη διάρκεια του τελευταίου Παγκοσμίου Πολέμου, μια ιστορική μειονότητα, οι μουσουλμάνοι Τσάμηδες της Ηπείρου, «εκκαθαρίστηκαν» με τον πλέον απόλυτο τρόπο.
Δεν είναι παιχνίδια προπαγάνδας- ανθελληνικής ή φιλελληνικής- αυτά τα ζητήματα. Είναι θέματα ιστορικά, με καίριο και πολύπλευρο ενδιαφέρον. Η τυχόν αποφυγή των απαντήσεων, της έρευνας για το τι έγινε και πώς έγινε, υπονομεύει καθοριστικά την ιστορική και πολιτική μας παιδεία και ανοίγει τον δρόμο για νέες «απρόσμενες» εξάρσεις των παθών και των εγκλημάτων. Αλίμονο στα έθνη και στις κοινωνίες που πιστεύουν ότι βρίσκονται πάνω και πέρα από την ιστορία και ότι είναι «εξ ορισμού» αναμάρτητες…

http://www.protoporia.gr/protoporia/product.asp?sku=269876&mscssid=L2TGV5MUA6N98P2ADMUP83

The Jews of Ioannina on Sky TV

Νέοι Φάκελοι/New Folders is a television program in Greece which presents various documentaries on current and past issues pertaining greek interest. On Jan 29 they broadcasted a 16min documentary on the destiny of the Jews of Ioannina during the Holocaust/Shoah. It hosted testimonies of survivors of the camps, interviews of christian and jewish greeks, photos of the actual deportation as it was immortalised by the Propaganda Office of the German Army and included the prickly issue of the post war problems that Ioanniote jews faced after the return from the camps.

Un cavretico

Pessach is coming along and jews are preparing for the Seder, the traditional Pessach table where they read the Agada, the story of the exit from Egypt. One of the songs that accompanied my childhood’s Seders was a child song which all of the family sang and was called un cavretico, a small kiddy (κατσικάκι)* in djudeoespanol the language used by jews in Salonika before WW2. In fact I remember it so fondly that I tag all my djudeoespanol/ladino posts as “un cavretico”. :D

It’s original name was Hagadia and it is unknown when it was first included in the Agada, though surely after the 15th century. In Thessaloniki it arrived rather late, probably in the mid 19th century and appears almost as an established novelty in the Etz Haim’s edition of 1904 where the typographer states: “Printed (the Agada) with nice characters and translations in djudeoespanol according to the traditions of our city, with a full Seder. We’ve also included the Hagadia poem”. The origin of the poem is probably a western one since it resembles german folk songs but similar songs have appeared in the folkloric traditions in West and East alike. The whole idea around which evolves the song is that there is a judge and a judged one with the ultimate judge being God. Though many Christians and Jews have tried giving a historical, philosophical or even metaphysical meanings to this song, most probably it’s intents were far less presumptuous; seen it’s utter lack of connection with the Pessach theme was probably inserted to help kids stay awake with something interesting during the whole Seder!

The images that follow derive from the 1970 edition of Agada produced by the Jewish Comunity of Thessaloniki and include the notes, the lyrics in djudeoespanol and in greek. The brief historical data derive also from there .

*thanks to angelos for the translation!

(Click the images to see their larger versions & since I don’t know how the copyright works I kindly ask not to re-distributate them ;) ).

Los kaminos de una komunidad

The Judeo-Spanish People/Los Djudeo-Espanyoles

This small book written by Richard Ayoun, was published in 2003 by the French governmental department of Veteran Affairs (DMPA), the Museo Djudio de Salonik, UNESCO and is an excellent start for those wishing to learn the history of the Sefardic Jews, ie the Jews that were expelled from Spain in 1492 and in a great extent ended up in the then Ottoman Empire and created in Salonika the biggest and most important sefardic community after 1492.

In its 81 pages one finds the history before 1492, the Expulsion, the history during the Ottoman Empire, the Alliance Israèlite Universelle chapter, the imigration, their extermination during WW2 and the lives today. It is well structured, includes many nice photos and has some information which even I wasn’t aware of. An example being René Cassin, one of the most important contributors to the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and Nobel prize winner…and a sefardic jew.

It’s a great introduction on sefardic culture and if you manage to get one of the 9500 copies consider yourself extremely lucky. Thanks to Google you can get the djudeospanish version though unfortunately it’s text only - just click here.

And as a bonus you can find out more about Abravanel! :)